American Mastiff vs. English Mastiff: What’s the Difference?
When it comes to gentle giants in the canine world, few breeds make a statement quite like mastiffs. With their massive size, loyal nature, and calm demeanor, mastiffs are popular with families who want a devoted and protective companion. Two of the most frequently compared breeds in this category are the American Mastiff and the English Mastiff. At first glance, they might look very similar, but there are some key differences that potential dog owners should understand before bringing one home.
Whether you’re a new pet parent doing your research or a mastiff enthusiast curious about the variations between these two impressive breeds, this guide will walk you through their history, physical traits, temperaments, health, training needs, and suitability as family pets.
Let’s dig in!
Origins and History
English Mastiff:
The English Mastiff has ancient roots that go back thousands of years. This breed descends from the Molossus dogs of antiquity, which were used as war dogs and guard dogs by civilizations like the Babylonians, Greeks, and Romans. Over time, these dogs found their way to Britain, where they became known as mastiffs. English Mastiffs were historically used to guard estates and even fight in arenas against lions and bears—thankfully, those days are long gone. Today, they are cherished family members known for their mellow temperament.
American Mastiff:
The American Mastiff is a much more recent breed. It was developed in the late 20th century by crossing the English Mastiff with the Anatolian Shepherd. This careful breeding was done with the goal of creating a mastiff-type dog that drooled less, had fewer health issues, and maintained the same calm, devoted nature. Although not officially recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC), the breed has gained popularity among families in the U.S.
Physical Appearance
At a glance, the American Mastiff and English Mastiff may look almost identical—but a closer look reveals several differences.
English Mastiff:
- Size: Males typically weigh 160–230 lbs and stand 30 inches or more at the shoulder. Females are slightly smaller.
- Build: Heavy, stocky frame with a wide chest and deep-set ribcage.
- Face: The English Mastiff has a heavily wrinkled face with a short, broad muzzle.
- Drooling: Known for excessive drooling, especially after drinking or eating.
- Coat Colors: Fawn, apricot, or brindle with a black mask.
American Mastiff:
- Size: Slightly lighter, with males ranging from 140–200 lbs and females weighing between 120–180 lbs.
- Build: Still large and imposing but more athletic and less bulky than the English Mastiff.
- Face: The muzzle is longer and less wrinkled.
- Drooling: Bred specifically to reduce drooling, making them more manageable indoors.
- Coat Colors: Fawn, apricot, and brindle, similar to English Mastiffs but often with a drier mouth and tighter skin.
Temperament and Personality
Both breeds are incredibly loyal, gentle, and protective—but their backgrounds and slight differences in breeding lead to some behavioral nuances.
English Mastiff:
English Mastiffs are famously calm and laid-back. They are affectionate, love lounging around with their humans, and are excellent with children. Despite their size, they often see themselves as lapdogs and crave attention and companionship. They are generally tolerant and slow to anger, making them wonderful family dogs.
However, they can be a bit stubborn and may require extra patience when training. They’re also more likely to be wary of strangers and protective of their home.
American Mastiff:
The American Mastiff shares many traits with the English version but tends to be slightly more active and agile due to their Anatolian Shepherd lineage. They still have that calm, steady demeanor, but are often more alert and may be a little more independent in nature.
This breed is also great with children and family members, offering protection without aggression. They’re intelligent and loyal but may need consistent training to manage their guardian instincts in unfamiliar situations.
Trainability
Both the American Mastiff and English Mastiff are intelligent and trainable—but with a few caveats.
English Mastiff:
This breed is a classic “gentle giant,” but they can be strong-willed. They respond best to positive reinforcement and consistent, gentle training. Harsh corrections or punishment-based methods can damage their trust and confidence. English Mastiffs do best when socialized early with people, other animals, and various environments.
American Mastiff:
Thanks to the Anatolian Shepherd in their genes, American Mastiffs can be a touch more independent. That said, they’re still very trainable, especially when started young. They respond well to calm, assertive leadership and early socialization. Basic obedience, leash training, and boundary-setting are crucial to ensure a well-mannered adult dog.
Exercise and Activity Level
Despite their size, neither breed is overly energetic. However, daily exercise is still important to prevent obesity and boredom.
English Mastiff:
These dogs are more sedentary. A couple of moderate walks and some indoor playtime will usually suffice. They’re not built for jogging or long hikes but do enjoy a daily stroll and a chance to sniff around.
American Mastiff:
This breed is slightly more energetic and may require a bit more activity to stay happy. A longer walk or some light play in a securely fenced yard can help meet their physical and mental needs. However, they’re still low-energy compared to other large breeds.
Health and Lifespan
One of the motivations behind developing the American Mastiff was to reduce some of the health issues commonly seen in English Mastiffs.
English Mastiff Health Concerns:
- Hip and elbow dysplasia
- Bloat (gastric torsion)
- Heart disease
- Eye conditions (entropion)
- Joint problems
- Average lifespan: 6–10 years
American Mastiff Health Concerns:
- Hip dysplasia (though less common)
- Bloat (still a risk due to size)
- Eye conditions
- Generally considered healthier overall
- Average lifespan: 10–12 years
Regular vet checkups, a balanced diet, and appropriate exercise go a long way toward promoting a healthy life for both breeds.
Grooming Needs
Neither breed is high maintenance in the grooming department.
English Mastiff:
Their short coat is easy to manage with weekly brushing, but their facial wrinkles need cleaning to prevent bacterial buildup. Because they drool frequently, many owners carry a “drool rag” to keep them tidy.
American Mastiff:
Also sporting a short, dense coat, the American Mastiff benefits from weekly brushing. Since they were bred to have tighter lips and less drool, grooming tends to be simpler, and their face requires less attention.
Family Compatibility
Both breeds are excellent family dogs when raised and trained properly.
English Mastiff as a Family Pet:
Affectionate, tolerant, and naturally protective, they bond strongly with children and are often described as “nanny dogs.” However, due to their massive size, supervision is essential around small kids—they may knock someone over without meaning to.
American Mastiff as a Family Pet:
Also family-friendly, American Mastiffs may be slightly more agile, which can make them a bit safer around younger children. Their reduced drooling and slightly longer lifespan are also attractive features for families who want a large breed with lower maintenance.
Which Breed is Right for You?
If you’re trying to choose between an American Mastiff and an English Mastiff, consider your lifestyle:
Choose the English Mastiff if:
- You want a dog with a deeply mellow temperament
- You’re okay with a little slobber
- You enjoy a laid-back household companion
- You’re not worried about shorter lifespans
Choose the American Mastiff if:
- You prefer less drooling and tighter facial features
- You want a slightly more active, longer-living dog
- You’re open to owning a breed that isn’t AKC-recognized
- You enjoy the idea of a modern mastiff with a nod to tradition
Both are wonderful in the right hands.
FAQs
Q: Are American Mastiffs recognized by the AKC?
No, the American Mastiff is not recognized by the American Kennel Club, although it is recognized by the Continental Kennel Club and other organizations.
Q: Do American Mastiffs really drool less than English Mastiffs?
Yes, they were specifically bred for this trait. While all large dogs can drool somewhat, American Mastiffs tend to have tighter lips and drier mouths than English Mastiffs.
Q: Which mastiff breed is easier to train?
Both are intelligent but may show a stubborn streak. American Mastiffs may be slightly more independent, while English Mastiffs are calmer but can be more sensitive. Both benefit from early, positive training.
Q: Can either breed live in an apartment?
Due to their size, neither breed is ideal for small apartments. However, a low-energy English Mastiff could potentially adapt if given enough exercise and space to move.
Q: Are these breeds good with other pets?
Yes, if socialized early, both American Mastiffs and English Mastiffs can get along with other dogs and even cats. Supervision and proper introductions are key.
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